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81.
振动流化床床层压降理论分析与实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从振动流化床床层压降的物理意义出发,得出了振动流化床床层压降模型。提出振动流化床床层压降-流速曲线上存在第一、第二流化段,相应速度为第一、第二临界流化速度。并在二维振动流化床内,以不同粒径的玻璃珠为床料进行了实验研究,分析了振动及其它操作条件对床层压降的影响,并将模型计算得到的压降与实验结果进行了比较,结果表明模型预测与实验结果有较好的一致性。实验关联了振动能量传递系数的数学表达式,得到第一、第二临界流化速度时床层压降,并与其他研究者的结果进行了对比分析,结果显示本文的模型能得到更为可靠的预测结果。 相似文献
82.
长期以来,栅极老化一直是SiC MOSFET器件可靠性研究的关键,而偏置温度不稳定性则是栅极老化的重要现象。由于栅极老化的偏置温度不稳定性存在应力撤出后的恢复现象,如能在可靠性实验中快速、准确地监测SiC MOSFET器件的栅极老化变化量,对可靠性研究具有重要意义。因此,文中提出一种新的栅极老化监测方法。该方法以体效应下的阈值电压VTH(body)为基础,建立理论模型来描述VTH(body)和栅极老化之间的关系。提出在栅极电压开关过程中从体二极管电压–栅极电压曲线中得到VTH(body)的方法,并详细研究实验参数对VTH(body)的影响。此外,通过高温栅偏实验对VTH(body)的实用价值进行验证,并与栅极老化参数阈值电压VTH进行对比。实验结果证明,提出的新型栅极老化监测方法可以实现栅极老化的快速、准确及非恒温环境监测。 相似文献
83.
The corrosion behavior of 11 Fe-Mo-Al ternary alloys was studied over the temperature range 700–980°C in H2/H2O/H2S mixed-gas environments. With the exception of Fe-10Mo-7Al, for which breakaway kinetics were observed at higher temperatures, all alloys followed the parabolic rate law, despite two-stage kinetics which were observed in some cases. A kinetics inversion was observed for alloys containing 7 wt.% Al between 700–800°C. The corrosion rates of Fe-20Mo and Fe-30Mo were found to be reduced by five orders of magnitude at all temperatures by the addition of 9.1 or higher wt.% aluminum. The scales formed on low-Al alloys (5 wt.% Al) were duplex, consisting of an outer layer of iron sulfide (with some dissolved Al) and a complex inner of Al0.55Mo2S4, FeMo2S4, Fe1.25Mo6S7.7, FeS, and uncorroded FeAl and Fe3Mo2. Platinum markers were always located at the interface between the inner and outer scales for the low-Al alloys, indicating that outer-scale growth was due mainly to outward diffusion of cations (Fe and Al), while the inner scale was formed primarily by the inward flux of sulfur anions. Alloys having intermediate Al contents (7 wt.%) formed scales that consisted of FeS and Al2O3. The amount of Al2O3 increased with increasing reaction temperature. The high-Al-content alloys (9.1 and 10 wt.%) formed only Al2O3 which was responsible for the reduction of the corrosion rates. 相似文献
84.
Yuuzou Kawahara 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2007,16(2):202-213
Corrosion-resistant materials (CRMs) and coatings are key technologies to increase power generation efficiency and reduce
maintenance in waste-to-energy (WTE) plants. Corrosion environment became severe as steam temperatures have increased. The
steam condition of more than 400 °C/3.9 MPa became possible in WTE boilers by using highly durable corrosion-resistant coatings,
such as thermal spray of Al/80Ni20Cr alloy, HVOF-sprayed NiCrSiB alloy, Alloy 625 weld overlay for waterwall tubes and also
superheater tubes. Also, the use of 310S type stainless steels and high Cr-high Mo-Ni base and high Si-Cr-Ni-Fe alloys have
progressed because of a better understanding of corrosion mechanisms. Furthermore, high durability coatings using cermet and
ceramic materials were applied to high temperature superheaters. This paper describes the major developments and the application
of CRMs and coating technologies in the last 30 years in WTE plants, the corrosion mechanisms of alloys, the deterioration
mechanisms of spray coating layers, and future subjects for the development of corrosion-resistant materials and coatings. 相似文献
85.
The Main Degradation Modes of an Aluminide Coating on a Co-Base Superalloy During High-Temperature Oxidation in Air 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Degradation of aluminide coatings occurs by two ways, one by coating oxidation, and the other by interdiffusion of Al. In this paper, the structure variation and phase transformation are analyzed for the aluminide coating on a newly developed Co-base superalloy (DZ40M alloy) after oxidation at 900 and 1000°C in air. The results show that degradation of this coating was mainly by oxidation at 900°C, but principally by interdiffusion at 1000°C. The main degradation mode of the coating is primarily dependent on the oxidation temperature and the specific structure of the coating itself. 相似文献
86.
To develop satisfactory alloys without Cr or Ni for high-temperature application up to 1100C, three alloys based on Fe-10%Al-Si with differing fourth (or fifth) element additions were oxidized in air at 1100°Cfor 24 hr. A low carbon, Fe-30Mn-10Al-Si alloy exhibited excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance. The total weight gain for 24 hr oxidation in air at 1100°C was only 1.03 mg/cm
2. After air oxidation for 6 days at 1100°C, no nodule formation or breakthrough oxidation occurred. Post-oxidation SEM and EDAX examination showed that a thin, compact, protective alumina scale formed on the alloy.Visiting Scientist (People's Republic of China). 相似文献
87.
The oxidation behavior of the titanium aluminides Ti-50Al and Ti-48Al-5Nb has been investigated in Ar+20%O2 and in air at 900°C. Thermogravimetric studies in combination with structural analyses using optical metallography, SEM/EDX and X-ray diffraction show a marked influence of nitrogen on the composition and growth rate of the oxide scales. For a more detailed study concerning the effect of nitrogen on the scale-growth kinetics, thermogravimetrical analyses were carried out during which the gas atmosphere was changed from air to Ar–O2, and vice versa, without intermediate cooling of the specimen. The results show, that nitrogen adversely affects the formation of the initially formed alumina scale and that it enhances the growth rate of the rapidly growing Ti-rich oxide. This effect was observed in both alloys investigated, although the thermogravimetric results at first sight indicated an opposite effect for the Nb-containing alloy. This apparent contradiction is caused by internal oxidation which occurs in this alloy during exposure in Ar–O2. 相似文献
88.
V. V. Dyakin V.S Yefanov M. A. Tanatar A. I. Akimov A. P. Chernyakova 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》1995,4(3):248-251
Electromigration stability of Tl2Ba2CuO6+x
ceramics is shown to decrease significantly when the material is treated in water vapor atmosphere. TheT
c decrease in these samples is accompanied by a resistance increase, while the Seebeck coefficient,S, remains unchanged. The authors conclude that the main effect comes from grain-boundary degradation under the water vapor
treatment. For initial samples, electromigration stability strongly depends on the sample oxygen doping level and increases
for materials with higher oxygen content. The effect is assumed to be due to the filling of interstitials in Tl-O layers by
oxygen atoms. 相似文献
89.
奥氏体耐热不锈钢310S的抗高温氧化性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用增重法研究了奥氏体耐热不锈钢310S在700、900和1000℃空气中高温氧化动力学,并结合X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱分析(EDS)等手段,对氧化膜的形貌和组成进行了分析。结果发现,700℃时氧化速率比较稳定且氧化增重较小,其余温度下氧化增重较大且遵循抛物线规律。该钢中Cr在高温时容易形成FeO·Cr2O3、FeO·Fe2O3和尖晶石结构(FeCr2O4,NiCr2O4)等保护性氧化膜,是310S钢具有良好的抗高温氧化性能的重要原因。 相似文献
90.